The earliest post-war combinatorial films may have come from the literalist movement in France. Hildo Yesu's "on slander and eternity" (Traite de bave et d'eternite), Treatise on Slime and Eternity, also known as "slander and eternity" Venom and Eternity (1951), is a combination of readily available clips, scratched films, black screens, and flashing pictures. Yisu's energetic narrator in the film is also deliberately out of sync.